Model: Teresa Chang
Photographer: Nikkia Riles
Qipao, also known as Cheongsam, is a traditional Chinese dress that has become an iconic symbol of Chinese culture. While the terms "qipao" and "cheongsam" are often used interchangeably, "qipao" refers specifically to the dress style worn in the 1920s, while "cheongsam" is the Cantonese pronunciation of the same garment. The history of the qipao and cheongsam is a blend of cultural influences and historical developments:
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Qing Dynasty: The origins of the qipao can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912). It evolved from the traditional Manchu clothing of the time, characterized by wide and loose robes with a straight cut and a high collar. The qipao gradually became popular among the general population and underwent modifications to suit contemporary fashion trends.
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Republican Era: The qipao gained prominence during the early 20th century, particularly in the 1920s and 1930s. It was modernized to fit the changing social landscape, with a narrower cut that accentuated the female form, high slits, and various intricate designs and embroidery. During this time, it became a symbol of elegance and sophistication among Chinese women.
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Modernization: After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the qipao underwent further modifications to align with the socialist values of the new era. The dress was simplified, with a focus on functionality and practicality, reflecting the ideological shifts of the time.
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Global Popularity: The qipao gained international recognition and popularity in the mid-20th century, thanks to its inclusion in films, fashion shows, and various cultural events. It became a symbol of Chinese identity and cultural heritage, representing the grace and beauty of Chinese women.
Today, the qipao and cheongsam continue to be worn during formal occasions, weddings, and cultural celebrations, both in China and across the world. Contemporary fashion designers have also reinterpreted the qipao, incorporating modern elements and materials, leading to a fusion of traditional Chinese aesthetics with contemporary fashion trends. This fusion has contributed to the continued popularity and relevance of the qipao and cheongsam in the global fashion industry.